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SLING - A natural language frame semantics parser.

Model DevelopmentDomain-specific trainingC++
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Created 2017-04-25 · Updated 2026-10-13 · #9231 today
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Key parameters and specifications
Key parameters and specifications
ParameterValue
LanguageC++
CategoryModel Development
SubcategoryDomain-specific training
Stars1,932
Forks264
Contributors16
Created date2017-04-25
Updated date2026-10-13
Stars in 1 day0
Stars in 7 days2
Rank9,231
Previous rank9,272
Rank change41
7-day stars rank7,885
Previous 7-day stars rank7,918
7-day stars rank change33
Total stars rank6,536
Previous total stars rank6,531
Total stars rank change-5
CountryUSA
README summary

SLING - A natural language frame semantics parser The SLING Project has moved The SLING project has moved to Please refer to the above repo for the latest developments on SLING. Background The aim of the SLING project is to learn to read and understand Wikipedia articles in many languages for the purpose of knowledge base completion, e. adding facts mentioned in Wikipedia (and other sources) to the Wikidata knowledge base. We use frame semantics as a common representation for both

knowledge representation and document annotation. The SLING parser can be trained to produce frame semantic representations of text directly without any explicit intervening linguistic representation. The SLING project is still work in progress. We do not yet have a full system that can extract facts from arbitrary text, but we have built a number of the subsystems needed for such a system. The SLING frame store is our basic framework for building and manipulating frame semantic graph structures. The Wiki

flow pipeline can take a raw dump of Wikidata and convert this into one big frame graph. This can be loaded into memory so we can do fast graph traversal for inference and reasoning over the knowledge base. The Wiki flow pipeline can also take raw Wikipedia dumps and convert these into a set of documents with structured annotations extracted from the Wiki markup. This also produces phrase tables that are used for mapping names to entities. There is a

SLING Python API for accessing all this information and we also have a bot for uploading extracted facts to Wikidata. The SLING Parser The SLING parser is used for annotating text with frame semantic annotations. It is a general transition-based frame semantic parser using bi-directional LSTMs for input encoding and a Transition Based Recurrent Unit (TBRU) for output decoding. It is a jointly trained model using only the text tokens as input and the transition system has been

designed to output frame graphs directly without any intervening symbolic representation. The SLING framework includes an efficient and scalable frame store implementation as well as a neural network JIT compiler for fast training and parsing. A more detailed description of the SLING parser can be found in this paper: Michael Ringgaard, Rahul Gupta, and Fernando C. *SLING: A framework for frame semantic parsing*. Installation and building CASPAR frame semantics parser Semantic frames SLING Python API Myelin neural network JIT compiler

Wikipedia and Wikidata processing Credits Original authors of the code in this package include: Michael Ringgaard Rahul Gupta Anders Sandholm

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google/sling has 1,932 stars and 264 forks.

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google/sling is ranked 9,231.

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google/sling has 1,932 stars, uses C++ and belongs to Model Development.

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google/sling is compared with loujie0822/DeepIE, ranked 9,237 with 1,929 stars.

README

SLING - A natural language frame semantics parser

The SLING Project has moved

The SLING project has moved to https://github.com/ringgaard/sling.

Please refer to the above repo for the latest developments on SLING.

Background

The aim of the SLING project is to learn to read and understand Wikipedia articles in many languages for the purpose of knowledge base completion, e.g. adding facts mentioned in Wikipedia (and other sources) to the Wikidata knowledge base. We use frame semantics as a common representation for both knowledge representation and document annotation. The SLING parser can be trained to produce frame semantic representations of text directly without any explicit intervening linguistic representation.

The SLING project is still work in progress. We do not yet have a full system that can extract facts from arbitrary text, but we have built a number of the subsystems needed for such a system. The SLING frame store is our basic framework for building and manipulating frame semantic graph structures. The Wiki flow pipeline can take a raw dump of Wikidata and convert this into one big frame graph. This can be loaded into memory so we can do fast graph traversal for inference and reasoning over the knowledge base. The Wiki flow pipeline can also take raw Wikipedia dumps and convert these into a set of documents with structured annotations extracted from the Wiki markup. This also produces phrase tables that are used for mapping names to entities. There is a SLING Python API for accessing all this information and we also have a bot for uploading extracted facts to Wikidata.

The SLING Parser

The SLING parser is used for annotating text with frame semantic annotations. It is a general transition-based frame semantic parser using bi-directional LSTMs for input encoding and a Transition Based Recurrent Unit (TBRU) for output decoding. It is a jointly trained model using only the text tokens as input and the transition system has been designed to output frame graphs directly without any intervening symbolic representation.

The SLING framework includes an efficient and scalable frame store implementation as well as a neural network JIT compiler for fast training and parsing.

A more detailed description of the SLING parser can be found in this paper:

More information ...

Credits

Original authors of the code in this package include:

  • Michael Ringgaard
  • Rahul Gupta
  • Anders Sandholm
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